Question&Answer

What does FDA Pregnancy Drug Class A signify?

Drugs that have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetusin the first trimester

Drugs that have shown an adverse effect on the fetus

Drugs that have positive evidence of human fetal risk

Drugs that should not be used by pregnant women

Which of the following is not a treatment option for allergies?

Antihistamines

Steroids

Antiallergic drugs

H1 receptor agonists

What is another name for tonic-clonic seizures?

Grand mal

Petit mal

Absence

Myoclonic

What is the primary source of Tubocurarine?

Synthetic chemical compound

Bark of the Curare plant

Marine algae

Plant extracts from the Amazon rainforest

Which of the following types of seizures might be clinically undetectable but still observed through EEG?

Convulsions

Absence seizures

Electrographic seizures

Myoclonic seizures

Which of the following statements about agonists like morphine is NOT true?

Agonists mediate their effects by activating the receptor

Respiratory depression and physical dependence are potential effects of agonists

Agonists have no effect on spinal analgesia

All of above

What does the abbreviation NSAIDs stand for?

Non-selective analgesic drugs

Neurosteroid anti-inflammatory drugs

Non-stimulant analgesic drugs

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Why has Meprobamate largely been replaced by benzodiazepines?

Benzodiazepines are less effective

Benzodiazepines have a wider therapeutic index and lower toxicity

Meprobamate is more effective but more expensive

Meprobamate has no side effects

What is a potential side effect of phenothiazines due to their anticholinergic effect?

Increased heart rate

Excessive salivation

Urinary retention and dry mouth

High blood pressure

Which of the following is not a low-potency phenothiazine?

Thioridazine (Mellaril)

Mesoridazine (Serentil)

Perphenazine (Trilafon)

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

All of the following substances are hallucinogens except:

Psilocybin

Strychnine

Cannabis (THC)

LSD

It has a shorter duration of action compared to low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)

True

False

Which factor primarily influences blood pressure through sympathetic stimulation?

Cardiac Output (C.O)

Peripheral Vascular Resistance (PVR)

Stroke Volume (SV)

Heart Rate (HR)

Which diuretic has better absorption and effect compared to Furosemide (Lasix)?

Furosemide (Lasix)

Bumetanide (Burinex)

Ethacrynic acid

Spironolactone

Reversible anticholinesterase inhibitors are different from irreversible ones because they:

Bind permanently to their target

Can be reversed with a short-lived action

Have a longer duration of action

Increase Acetylcholinesterase levels

What neurotransmitter is used by parasympathetic pathways?

Epinephrine

Dopamine

Acetylcholine

Serotonin

For which condition is adrenaline most commonly used?

Asthma

Shock and circulatory collapse

Cardiac arrest

Decongestion

Cytotoxic drugs aim to destroy which type of cells?

Patient’s healthy cells

Bacteria and malignant cells

Nerve cells and Muscle cells

A+B

Where are slightly basic drugs typically absorbed more effectively? A) B) C) D)

In the small intestine

In the stomach

In the mouth

In the rectum

Drugs that are non-ionic and lipid-soluble are:

Rapidly absorbed through lipid membranes

Poorly absorbed

Only absorbed in the small intestine

Always absorbed in the stomach

Which of the following is Correct Factors may affect drug doses ?

Type of the drug

Patient condition and severity of illness

Give Mixture of Drugs

All of the above

Which of the following is an example of a drug that often follows the quantal dose-response curve?

Antihypertensive drugs

Antidepressants

Anticonvulsant drugs

Antibiotics

All of the following is Correct Factors which may affect Drug Doses EXCEPT :

Time of administration

Route of Drug Administration

graded dose Response

A + B

Which medication has less than 10% oral absorption?

Albendazole

Mebendazole

Praziquantel

Piperazine

What are the major symptoms of Amoebic dysentery?

Fever and cough

Skin rash and pruritis

Violent bloody diarrhea and mucus

Chronic vomiting

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of malaria?

Fever

Headache

Skin rash

Chills

Which of the following statements about the inflammatory response in allergies is not true?

Vasodilation and mucous secretion are part of the inflammatory response during an allergic reaction

Nerve stimulation during an allergic response leads to increased blood flow and relaxation of smooth muscle

Symptoms of an allergic reaction can be localized, such as asthma affecting the respiratory system, or systemic, such as classical anaphylaxis

Eczema is a localized allergic response that affects the dermis of the skin

All of the following are true about progesterone except:

It is secreted by corpus luteum in the ovary

It is secreted from placenta during pregnancy

It is secreted by anterior pituitary gland

It is secreted by adrenal gland

What is the scientific name of the antihistamine medication Allerfine?

Chloramphenicol

Chlorpheniramine

Diphenhydramine

Desloratadine

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are more powerful than which of the following types of medication?

Antibiotics

H2 blockers

Antacids

Pain relievers

Which of the following is NOT a valid support for TLC stationary phase?

Glass

Plastic

Metal

Filter paper

Which immunosuppressive drug is more specific than corticosteroids?

Azathioprine

Methotrexate

Ciclosporin

Glucocorticoids

What term describes chemotherapy-induced kidney damage?

Cardiotoxicity

Hepatotoxicity

Nephrotoxicity

Neurotoxicity

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cancer cells?

Uncontrolled growth

Loss of function

Normal differentiation

Ability to spread to other organs

Why are anti-metabolites considered immunosuppressants?

They affect RNA synthesis and immune cell production

They increase the body's ability to fight infections

They enhance immune cell production

They only target bacterial infections

Which of the following is an important use of Tamoxifen in women?

Prevention of breast cancer in high-risk women

Treatment of prostate cancer

Treatment of endometrial carcinoma

Treatment of ovarian cysts

What is the primary mechanism of action of Amantadine?

Blocking reverse transcriptase

Preventing viral genome uncoating

Enhancing immune system function

Inhibiting neuraminidase

Which of the following statements about Acyclovir is TRUE?

It prevents the release of new viral particles

It is only used for treating bacterial infections

It inhibits DNA polymerase of herpesviruses

It is effective against all RNA viruses

What is a major hematological adverse effect of Zidovudine (AZT)?

Hepatic toxicity

Neutropenia and anemia

Nephrotoxicity

Thrombocytopenia

What is the active component in Betadine and Isodyne that enhances iodine's action?

Povidone

Sodium hypochlorite

Ammonia

Chloramine

Which dosage forms are available for Miconazole?

Nasal spray and transdermal patch

Injection and oral capsules

Cream, spray, powder, vaginal cream, vaginal suppositories, oral gel

Tablets and IV infusion

Alcohols are effective against which of the following?

Bacterial spores

Viruses

Bacteria and fungi

Protozoa

Which of the following substances does NOT help cool the skin by increasing the effective surface area?

Bandage

Starch

Zinc oxide

Talc

Which of the following is NOT a counter irritant commonly used for muscle or rheumatic pain?

Ibuprofen

Turpentine oil

Black mustard

Menthol

Which active ingredient is effective against viral infections?

Antibiotic

Local corticosteroid

Antifungal

Antiviral

Vitamins must always be obtained from the diet

True

False

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of parenteral iron?

Bronchospasm

Vomiting

Fever

Hypoglycemia

Which of the following is the correct dose of vitamin B12?

10–50 mg/day

1–5 µg/day

300–1000 µg/day

300–1000 mg/day

What type of antibiotic is primarily associated with ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity?

Tetracycline

Aminoglycosides

Macrolides

Penicillins

All of the following are correct about the mechanism of action of fusidic acid except:

It acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis

It is a bacteriostatic agent

It disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis

It is effective primarily against Gram-positive bacteria

What is a key factor that allows for selective multiplication of resistant bacterial strains?

Natural selection

Spontaneous mutation

Excessive antibiotic use

Proper diagnosis

All of the following are Mucolytic drugs except:

Ambroxol (Mucosolvon)

Bromohexine (Bisolvon)

Guaphensin

Steam inhalation

Which of the following statements is NOT true about antitussive drugs?

They are effective for productive coughs

They are used to suppress the coughing mechanism

They can cause drowsiness as a side effect

They act by depressing the cough center in the brain

Which of the following is not true regarding the use of inhaled adrenaline?

Risk of excessive cardiac stimulation

Similar efficacy to β2 agonists

Increased risk of respiratory infections

All of the above

How are H2 blockers typically administered?

Intravenously

Topically

Via inhalation

Orally

Which of the following is FALSE about H2 blockers?

They reduce stomach acid by 70%.

They completely block all stomach acid production.

They are used to treat peptic ulcer disease.

They can be taken orally.

During the titration, ascorbic acid is:

Reduced to dehydroascorbic acid

Oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid

Converted to CO₂

Neutralized by iodine

Which of the following is true about the treatment of diabetes insipidus?

Vasopressin can be used to control diabetes insipidus but has been replaced by desmopressin

Desmopressin is less effective than vasopressin for diabetes insipidus

Diabetes insipidus can only be managed by increasing water intake

Vasopressin is no longer needed for any treatment

Missing any of the last 7 pills requires restarting the pack

True

False

Why is white soft paraffin not used in ophthalmic ointment bases?

Because it is too sticky

Because it may contain irritant substances

Because it is too expensive

Because it reduces absorption

Polyethylene glycol bases are preferred in hot climates because:

They melt below room temperature

They are stored frozen

They melt at 37–61°C and don’t need refrigeration

They liquefy in sunlight

Which of the following is considered a mechanical pharmaceutical process?

Evaporation

Dissolving in a solvent

Partitioning and isolation

Heating and cooling

All of the following are goals of evaporation EXCEPT:

Obtaining a viscous extract

Increasing the liquid concentration

Creating a supersaturated solution

Reducing the active ingredient content

What kind of forces exist in ethyl alcohol?

Only van der Waals forces

Only hydrogen bonds

Van der Waals and hydrogen bonds

Ionic and van der Waals forces

Which of the following is a compressed gas used as a propellant?

Propane

Nitrogen

Dichloro tetrafluoroethane

Isobutene

Which of the following is a local use of aerosols on the skin?

Antihypertensive

Antiseptic and antifungal

Sedative for CNS

Bronchodilator

What is a major disadvantage of chloro-fluoro-carbons?

High toxicity

Poor solvent properties

Depletion of the ozone layer

Low pressure

What is the correct formula for a real gas according to van der Waals equation?

PV = nRT

P + a(n/V)^2 = nRT

(P + a(n²/V²)) (V - nb) = nRT

(P - an²/V²) (V + nb) = nRT

What happens to gas molecules under high pressure and suitable temperature?

They decompose chemically

They liquefy due to increased attractive forces

They expand rapidly

They become solid

Which of the following is an example of a slow chemical reaction involving a gas?

Liquefaction of nitrogen

Burning of oxygen

Iron rusting

Explosion of hydrogen

All of the following are true about Intradermal (I.D.) administration except:

The injectable volume used is typically between 0.1-0.2 ml

The osmotic pressure of the solution should match the osmotic pressure of blood

This method is primarily used for treating systemic infections

It is used for diagnostic purposes like tuberculosis testing

All of the following are true about intra-articular injections except:

They are used to treat joint inflammation

They often contain corticosteroids

They are used daily and frequently without concern

They can be used as local pain relievers

I.V. injections are preferred when a rapid effect is needed in emergency situations

True

False

How do metallic bonds differ from ionic and covalent bonds?

Metallic bonds involve the free movement of electrons, while ionic and covalent bonds involve fixed electrons

Metallic bonds are formed only between metals and nonmetals, while ionic and covalent bonds form between metals only

Metallic bonds occur in molecules, while ionic and covalent bonds occur only in single atoms

Metallic bonds involve the complete transfer of electrons, while ionic and covalent bonds involve electron sharing

Why does hydrogen bonding require considerable energy to break?

Because it involves a full transfer of electrons

Because the bonds are stronger than covalent bonds

Because of the strong electrostatic attraction between highly electronegative atoms and hydrogen

Because hydrogen atoms are very heavy

All of the following are types of surfactants with charge EXCEPT:

Positively charged surfactants

Non-ionic surfactants

Zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactants

Surfactants that do not have any charge

Which of the following solvents is used in parenteral pharmaceutical dosage forms, except?

Propylene glycol (P.G)

Ethyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol

Ethyl oleate

Methyl alcohol

Which of the following is not a synonym for Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)?

Macrogel

Carbowax

PEG

Glycerin

In the infusion method, how is the process applied?

By placing the materials in cold water for a long period

By pouring boiling water on the divided portions and placing them in a basin with a lid

By boiling the materials with water for an extended period

By filtering the water immediately after boiling

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of pharmaceutical ethics?

Respecting the autonomy and dignity of each patient

Acting with honesty and integrity

Avoiding interactions with other health professionals

Seeking justice in the distribution of health resources

A pharmacist should always act with honesty and integrity in professional relationships

True

False

Pharmacopoeia is considered the main reference for:

Establishing drug prices in the pharmaceutical market

Providing nutritional guidelines for patients

Preparation and manufacturing of drug dosage forms

Managing administrative procedures in hospitals

What type of incompatibility occurs when a drug's response is different from the intended effect?

Therapeutic Incompatibility

Physical Incompatibility

Chemical Incompatibility

None of the above

Which of the following drugs is known to potentially cause Gray Baby Syndrome when used by a lactating mother

Aspirin

Chloramphenicol

Ibuprofen

Acetaminophen

Which of the following drugs demonstrates polymorphism in a way that affects its solubility?

Aspirin

Paracetamol

Ibuprofen

Chloramphenicol

Calcitonin is used in conditions where:

Increase in thyroid hormone is needed

Bone density needs to be reduced

Reduction of serum calcium

Calcium deficiency is present

Why are no preservatives added to aromatic water?

It must be kept in its pure form.

Preservatives react negatively with the aromatic components.

It is naturally self-preserving.

Adding preservatives would make it toxic.

What is the purpose of withholding enemas?

To introduce nutrients or hypnotic substances into the body

To evacuate the contents of the intestine

To stimulate peristalsis

To lubricate the intestines

Sulfonylureas were the first widely used oral anti-hyperglycaemic medications.

True

False

All of the following are covered by GMP, EXCEPT:

Medical devices

Pharmaceutical dosage forms

Diagnostic materials

Furniture

All of the following are GMP principles EXCEPT:

Control components and product-related processes

Expand advertising strategies

Design, develop and demonstrate job competence

Protect against contamination

Who is responsible for QA?

A specific team

The inspection department

Everyone involved in developing the product

The maintenance unit

What type of research does a pharmacist conduct in the pharmaceutical industry?

Experiments on human subjects for medical testing.

Investigations on surgical procedures for hospitals.

Studies to promote, improve, and raise drug standards.

Development of new treatments for mental illnesses.

What products and services does a pharmacist provide in a pharmacy?

Baby health foods and mother care programs.

Intensive care treatments for hospitalized patients.

Advanced genetic testing and disease diagnosis.

Emergency surgeries for critical health conditions.

Who does the pharmacist provide advice to in the scientific medical promotion field?

Only patients visiting a pharmacy.

Medical workers of different specialties.

Laboratory researchers developing new drugs.

Government officials in health policy meetings.

All of the following explain why PVC is suitable for eye ointments, EXCEPT:

It does not react with ointment bases

It prevents contamination

It is permeable to oily bases

It maintains viscosity during storage

What are sachets and blister packs commonly used for?

Drug packaging

Industrial filters

Furniture parts

Electronic wiring

Which of the following is true about pharmaceutical packaging regulation?

It is not regulated in most countries

It is highly regulated, with variations depending on region or country

Only storage is regulated, not packaging

It is regulated only by private companies

What happens during an electronic transition?

Heat is released

Bond is broken

Electron is excited to antibonding orbital

Atom loses nucleus

What is a major advantage of column chromatography?

High cost of stationary phase

Reusability of the stationary phase

Low cost and disposability of stationary phase

Requirement for vacuum systems

What kind of sample content is instrumental method suitable for?

Trace elements and minor concentrations

Smell detection

Micro-analysis

Color tests

How can we decrease the solubility of drugs to prevent hydrolysis?

By dissolving drugs in acids

By mixing with ethanol

By forming suspensions

By heating

Which type of light has high energy and short wavelength?

Ultraviolet radiation

Microwave radiation

Infrared radiation

Visible light

Which group also undergoes hydrolysis?

Ketones

Alkanes

Alcohols

Amides

Modification of chemical structure may:

Increase hydrolysis

Prevent hydrolysis

Change color

Decrease drug potency

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Minimum pH ensures drug degradation

Hydrolysis rate depends on pH

pH adjustment can minimize hydrolysis

Different drugs have different optimum pH for stability

Reducing agents prevent oxidation by neutralizing:

Antioxidants

Oxygen

Oxidizing agents

Unsaturated bonds

Which option below incorrectly matches the Latin symbol with its meaning?

s.o.s — If necessary

S.C — Subcutaneous

I.v — Intravenous

q.d — Four times daily

Which of the following Latin terms has a wrong interpretation?

Amp — Ampul

Ad — Up to

i.c — Between meals

a.c — After food

What should the pharmacist do if the drug is unavailable?

Ignore the patient

Provide another drug

Send the prescription to another pharmacy

Return the prescription to the patient and guide him

All the following are required for diluents EXCEPT:

Chemically reactive

Inert

Not absorb active constituents

Non-hygroscopic

Microencapsulation protects drugs from all of the following EXCEPT:

Magnetic fields

Moisture

Oxidation

Light

All of the following are examples of dentifrices, except:

Camphor

Calcium carbonate

Potassium chloride

None of the above

Pharmaceutical solutions provide several benefits over solid dosage forms EXCEPT:

They require no disintegration before absorption

They allow for more precise dosing in liquid form

They prevent drug degradation better than solid forms

They can be formulated with flavoring agents for improved taste

The steps of the experiment include all of the following EXCEPT:

Dissolve aspirin in alcohol

Titrate with known concentration of KOH

Add phenolphthalein indicator

Heat aspirin solution to 80°C

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